1-درس انجليزي..Guitar Fretboard Lessons

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Guitar Fretboard Lessons
اتمنى تعجبكم دروسي و تابعوها
و اتمنى ردود كثار

Guitar Fretboard Lessons
Know the fretboard like the back of your hand


This series of lessons will take you through the necessary practical steps for learning the guitar fretboard. We'll start with learning the basics followed by where the notes lie on the fretboard, before moving on to string/note relationships and finally intervals.
This all goes hand in hand with guitar theory and should be your first stop before moving on to learn how notes really work together in chords and scales.
Let us begin...



Guitar fretboard lessons - fretboard basics

We'll cover the basics here just in case - many guitarists play for months or even years and still don't know this stuff...
Firstly, as you probably know, the frets on your guitar are numbered - learn to number your fret spaces:



With "0" representing the open strings (not fretted) these are the same notes as those at fret 12 - the notes at fret 12 are one octave higher than the open strings...


Once you get to the 12th fret you're at the octave and so fret 13 notes will be the same as fret 1 notes, but an octave higher. Fret 16 notes will be the same as fret 4 notes but an octave higher. There should be dot inlays in the same intervals passed the 12th fret as there are an octave below.

How the Fretboard Works
Guitar fretboard basics

This lesson we'll be looking at the very basics of how the fretboard works on guitar. As a beginner guitarist, this should come before you move on to learn chords and strumming techniques.

It's important to get to know how the fretboard works as early on as possible, because it will help you understand the relationship between finger position, strings and notes when you come to playing chords and lead guitar. As with a lot of guitar learning - you only realise how important it is once you've learned it.

So let's learn it now!
The very basics of how the fretboard works


Take a look at your guitar's fretboard. It has a sequence of raised metal wires called frets. Most electric guitars have 24 frets, but acoustics tend to have 20.

Now, each fret represents a new note for each string, but when we come to applying our fingers, we use the spaces in between the fret wires to create the note, not the wire itself. For example, pick any fret and the spacing before that is the area that creates the note when applying our fingers.So when we refer to fret 2 or fret 6 we are actually referring to the space just before the actual fret wire. Because of this, guitarists tend to think of "frets" as the spacings rather than the fret wire itself.

You'll notice on your guitar's fretboard there are inlay markers, either dots or symbols at particular fret intervals. Most commonly, these are found at frets 3, 5, 7, 9 and 12. The 12th fret marker is often more prominent than the others (e.g. 2 dots instead of 1). We'll see why the 12th fret is particularly significant in a minute.

Once we get beyond the 12th fret, the pattern of inlays repeats itself. So, the inlay markers will be at frets 15, 17, 19, 21 and 24 if your guitar accommodates it.

It's a good idea to learn these marker intervals and their corresponding fret numbers to start with (that was a hint!)
How the strings work on the fretboard


Your guitar will have 6 strings (hopefully).
So from low to high, low being the lowest sounding, fattest string, we have:
E A D G B and e (small "e" representing the higher pitch). This is known as standard tuning and is by far the most common guitar tuning to work with.
Playing each of those strings without using any fingers on the fretboard is known as playing the strings open. So an open string is basically an unfretted string (e.g. open E, open A, open D etc.)
Now, here's where the 12th fret comes in - if you play any of the 6 strings open, then play that same string fingering at the 12th fret, you get the same note but what is known as an octave higher. This means the same as "12 frets higher" or "12 semi-tones higher".

If your guitar has 24 frets, the 24th fret will be an octave higher than the 12th fret, and therefore two octaves higher than the open string!
This also means that notes/frets past the 12th fret will be an octave higher of their corresponding lower fret for each string. For example, 13th fret is an octave of 1st fret for each string. 17th fret is an octave of 5th fret. Try and learn all the corresponding octaves past the 12th fret.
We'll be looking more at what we actually call the notes in between the open - 12th fret - 24th fret marker points in a later fretboard lesson. For now, though, just ensure you can identify the open strings, the fret numbers based on the inlays and the octaves beyond the 12th fret.
Numbering your frets is also beneficial when it comes to reading guitar tab (a form of notation for guitar), it will show you the fret numbers you need to apply your fingers to for each string.

Learn How to Read Guitar Tab


You can easily learn how to read guitar tab without any knowledge of music notation. After all, when guitarists are learning the chords and notes for a song, they need to know where to stick their fingers (...ahem!)
We'll start with a few beginner guitar tabs to get you familiar with the tab diagrams.
Oh, by the way, tab is short for tablature!



The basics of how to read guitar tab



This is the fretboard position that tab diagrams mimick. It's the alignment of the strings we're interested in - skinny string at top, fat string at the bottom.

...And here's the incredibly exciting blank tab diagram. We ignore the frets on the actual tab diagram because numbers are added on each string to tell you which fret your fingers should sit.



Now let's be a bit more practical. The number on the diagram below indicates whih fret the string should be "pressed"



Fret "0" is another way of noting just playing the open string, as it is, without fretting it.

Click here to play (masterpiece) >
This "0" applies to all strings and when noted on the tab diagram, it simply means you do not need to fret that particular string.

Next!...




So in this example we're fretting the D string at fret number 3. No biggy...


Click here to play >
Notice how no fret wires are drawn on the diagram - we don't need them because of those numbers!

Ok, so that was pretty easy stuff - let's take things a little further...



We're going to look at part of a lead guitar scale (actually, the first 4 notes of the G Major Scale - not important right now!)

In the same way as the diagrams before, look at the one below and play on your guitar this sequence of notes, fretting the appropriate string one after the other...




You'll notice I've put "finger" numbers below the diagram - these are the fingers you should use on the related note, based on this diagram:
I've done this because it's important to use the correct fingers for comfort and efficiency - your fingering in this example should make it so that your actual hand barely moves (your fingers will though, obviously!)

Play it slow to start with, speed isn't an issue here, we just want to nail these notes in the order they're shown.

Here's how it should have sounded...


Click here to play >
Did you get it? Ah, I knew you would.

Onwards and upwards...



Guitar tabs are used for lead guitar and representing chords. You've just followed a simple lead guitar tab, so now let's look at reading chords.




The tab above represents a chord I want you to play. Same as before - position your fingers (as they feel comfortable) on the frets accordingly.
The "X" means you should not play that string at all, the "0" means play the string, but don't fret it and the "2" means fret the string on fret number...yeh.

Here's how it should have sounded...

Click here to play >

The notes on the fretboard


Learning all the notes on the fretboard can be learned the easy way, or the hard way... How about the easy way for now though?

Follow the fretboard diagrams below - study one diagram a day for just 15 minutes and this will sink in very quickly.

Day 1

First, you should create "marker points" on the fretboard in your mind. Actually, they're already there, on the guitar. Use the dot inlays (or whatever shape of inlay you have) to quickly identify the following notes...

Notes on the fat E string

So we already established the open low E string was...E!
At fret 3 - G
At fret 5 - A (so exactly the same as the open A string)
At fret 7 - B
At fret 9 - C# (C sharp - more on sharps and flats in a minute)
At fret 12- the octave of E (a higher sounding E)

Then, the whole thing starts again an octave higher from the 12th fret. If you do have 24 frets on your guitar, the 24th will be an even higher E note.




Day 2 - fill in the gaps

Now we just need to learn the notes on the E string in between the inlay marked notes.

Let's take a look...

From the low open E to the octave E at the 12th fret, the order of notes is

E | F | F# | G | Ab | A | Bb | B | C | C# | D | Eb | E
This "order" alone can tell you all you need to know - for example the open B string starts on B obviously, so find B on the order above and follow the cycle! There is a much more practical way to learn the notes all over the fretboard though which we'll look at in part 2 soon.

Tip - B and C don't have any sharps or flats in between them, neither do E and F.




Day 3 - A string notes

Just like with the E string notes, let's apply the same method to the A string notes.

1st, the notes at the inlay markers...

Again, from open A to the octave at fret 12 try and just learn these note positions, so if someone were to shout "FRET 7!" you'd almost immediately be able to say what note lies there on the A string. If someone does scream out something like that randomly though, they may be dangerous... answer them and run away.




Day 4 - fill the gaps for the last time

Just like with the low E string...

Remember how there were no sharps and flats in between B and C, E and F - same applies wherever you are!
OK, once you've reached day 4 we can progress to the next part.



...And the rest of the notes on the fretboard?


Just before we move on to find out a quick and simple way to learn where the rest of the notes are on the fretboard, a few final tips for this part...

• Learn the order of notes. E.g. if I asked "what comes after C# (C sharp)?", you should answer "D" or "what comes before B?" answer "Bb (B flat)"
  
• 
  With the two strings we've covered already, you can probably see some string relation going on. The E note on the A string (fret 7) is the same as the Low E string (although obviously a lower sounding E on the open E string.)
  
  
• 
  The B note on the A string (fret 2) is the same as fret 7 on the low E string.
  
  
• 
  The C# note on the E string (fret 9) is the same as fret 4 on the A string
  
  
• 
  etc.!
  

This is the kind of relationship between strings you should work on during your theory time at the moment. Just those two strings for now...

See you in